Factors that can be problems in determining relatedness among organisms may include (select all that apply):

a. homologous traits.

b. analogous traits.

c. convergent evolution.

d. poor fossil record.

e. shared derived traits.

Adaptive radiations (select all that apply):

a. can be seen most clearly in mainland environments.

b. are episodes of rapid speciation that occur when the “fit” between environment and species is in flux.

c. concern the evolution of heat loss in vertebrates experiencing stressful climates.

d. are exemplified by the Hawaiian drosophilid flies.

e. can be seen most clearly in island environments.

True or false: If an insect has 1,000 offspring, we can label it as “fit” in an evolutionary sense.

In stabilizing selection, forms that are _______ are favored over forms that are_______.

We normally think of evolution working through _________, in which a character moves toward _______.

What the agents of microevolution all have in common is that each of them can alter _______ in a population.

Genetic drift is a _______ alteration of _________ in a population that has its greatest effect on _______ populations.

In sexual selection, differential reproductive success comes about because of differential success in obtaining _______.

Genes come in variant forms called __________. A gene pool is defined as all the _______ that exist in a ________.

Microevolution is defined as a change in _______in a population over a relatively short period of time.