In the movie The Godfather, Michael Corleone and Enzo the baker stand on the steps outside the hospital where Michael’s father is recovering from gunshot wounds and pretend to be holding guns inside their coats as a means of keeping assassins from entering the hospital and killing Michael’s father. Allowing for some differences between the natural world and human society, what form of mimicry were Michael Corleone and Enzo the baker practicing?

Show that the set F = ({1, 0}, +, .) is a field where + and . are defined as 1+1=0, 0+0=0,
0+1=1+0=1, 0.0=0.1=1.0=0, 1.1=1.

Let X be a non-empty set and F be any field. Let XF be the set of all functions from X to
F. Show that XF is a vector space over F under the operations: (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x) and
(αf)(x) = αf(x).

Which of the following describes a limitation of the exponential growth model ?

A. Biomass growth is assumed to be not linked to the availability of nutrients or substrates

B. It does not predict when cell growth will cease

C. It predicts that all types of cells under all conditions will grow exponentially

D. All of the above are correct

Let X be any set and P(X) be the power set of X. Prove that P(X) is a vector space over
F = {0, 1} under the operation: A + B = A4B (symmetric difference) and αA = A if α = 1 and
is equal to φ if α = 0.

Find which of the axioms will be violated if addition of vectors in problem 3 is changed to A+B =
A
S
B 

In the following, find out whether S froms a subspace of V ?
(a) V = R3, S = {(x1, x2, x3) : x1 + 5x2 + 3x3 = 0}
(b) V = R3, S = {(x1, x2, x3) : x1 + 5x2 + 3x3 = 1}
(c) V = R3, S = {(x1, x2) : x1 ≥ 0, x2 ≥ 0}
(d) V = P(R), the set of all polynomials over reals and S = {p(x) ∈ P(R) : P(5) = 0}
(e) V = Rn, S = {(x1, x2, ..., xn) : x1 = x2}
 

Prove or disprove:
(a) Union of two subspaces of V is a subspace of V .
(b) Intersection of any number of subspaces is a subspace.

Check whether the following set of vectors are linearly dependent or independent.
(a) S = {(1, 2, −2, −1),(2, 1, −1, 4),(−3, 0, 3, −2)}
(b) S = {(1, 3, −2, 5, 4),(1, 4, 1, 3, 5),(1, 4, 2, 4, 3),(2, 7, −3, 6, 13)}