The association between fungi and algae (or bacteria) in forming lichens is one of _______in that _______.

a. parasitism; only one party benefits from the relationship

b. competition; neither party benefits from the relationship

c. competition; both parties are vying for the same resources

d. mutualism; both parties are benefiting from the relationship

e. saprophytism; one party is feeding on the dead remains of the other

The mycorrhizae formed by the association between fungal _____ and plant _____ are found in ______ seed plants.

a. hyphae; roots; only a few

b. spores; leaves; only a few

c. hyphae; roots; the vast majority of

d. fruiting bodies; roots; the vast majority of

e. hyphae; stems; only a few

In contrast to bacteria and archaea, all protist cells have a _______, which makes protists eukaryotes. While some protists are large, most are _______; all of them live in environments that are at least moist if not fully _______.

The organisms known as phytoplankton are important to life in general for two reasons: They produce most of the world’s atmospheric _____ and they lie at the base of most aquatic _____.

The catchall term for protists that perform photosynthesis is _______.

The relationship between human beings and bacteria that are resident in the human digestive tract can be characterized as one of _______, which is to say a relationship in which both parties benefit.

Antibiotics are chemical compounds produced by one microorganism that are to another.

Name three ways that bacteria and archaea are similar life-forms.

The three domains of life are _______, _______, and Eukarya. The four kingdoms within Eukarya are composed of _______, _______,_______, and _______.

Microbes perform several activities that are critical to the maintenance of other life-forms on Earth. Name three of these activities.

In order to replicate, viruses must invade _______.